Doorway Memory Loss Explained

EVER WALK INTO A ROOM with some purpose in mind, only to forget what it was? It turns out, doors themselves are to blame for these strange memory lapses. Can this contribute to dementia's wandering, confusion and problems with traveling?

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Psychologists at the University of Notre Dame have discovered that passing through a doorway triggers what's known as an event boundary in the mind, separating one set of thoughts and memories from the next.

Your brain files away the thoughts you had in the previous room and prepares a blank slate for the new locale.

Location-Updating Effect

It is referred to as a location-updating effect, and it results in a decline in memory when people move from one location to another.

This may help explain the confusion a person with dementia experiences when they transition from one place to another, as well as when they wander or travel.

Memory & The Event Boundary

Psychology Professor Gabriel Radvansky led the research project. She explained, “Entering or exiting through a doorway serves as an ‘event boundary’ in the mind, which separates episodes of activity and files them away.”

“Recalling the decision or activity that was made in a different room is difficult because it has been compartmentalized.”

Three Experiments

Conducting three experiments in both real and virtual environments, Radvansky’s subjects – all college students – performed memory tasks while crossing a room and while exiting a doorway.

In the first experiment, subjects used a virtual environment and moved from one room to another, selecting an object on a table and exchanging it for an object at a different table. They did the same thing while simply moving across a room but not crossing through a doorway.

Radvansky found that the subjects forgot more after walking through a doorway compared to moving the same distance across a room, suggesting that the doorway or “event boundary” impedes one’s ability to retrieve thoughts or decisions made in a different room.

The second experiment in a real-world setting required subjects to conceal in boxes the objects chosen from the table and move either across a room or travel the same distance and walk through a doorway. The results in the real-world environment replicated those in the virtual world: walking through a doorway diminished subjects’ memories.

The final experiment was designed to test whether doorways actually served as event boundaries or if one’s ability to remember is linked to the environment in which a decision – in this case, the selection of an object – was created. Previous research has shown that environmental factors affect memory and that information learned in one environment is retrieved better when the retrieval occurs in the same context. Subjects in this leg of the study passed through several doorways, leading back to the room in which they started. The results showed no improvements in memory, suggesting that the act of passing through a doorway serves as a way the mind files away memories.

MORE INFORMATION:
Walking through doorways causes forgetting:
Further explorations
Gabriel A. Radvansky, Sabine A. Krawietz, and Andrea K. Tamplin
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA

SOURCES:

• Walking through doorways causes forgetting, new research shows
• The study was published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology.

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